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Nov 24, 2011

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The Planet Under Pressure management team is extending the oral presenters...

Tracking groundwater depletion


As water demand rises rapidly, some regions are withdrawing groundwater faster...

In the line of fire


Scientists who published the famous “hockey stick” graph experienced sustained attacks soon after the figure was incorporated in the 2001 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Now one of those scientists, Ray Bradley, has written a very personal account of his experience. He spoke to Owen Gaffney about his new book.

Learning from the past


When it comes to managing the environment, we rarely look beyond the past few years to inform decisions. John Dearing says this needs to change.

The promise and perils of creating markets to pay for public goods


Some payment mechanisms to support ecosystem services can be environmentally harmful, warn experts in...

IGBP research presented to Dalai Lama


Global-change researcher Diana Liverman presented IGBP's Great Acceleration graphs to the Dalai Lama...

Single-celled plankton reveal past climates


How do scientists reconstruct past climate conditions on Earth? One way of doing this is by culturing...
Published: November 16, 2011

Is iconic UN index rewarding polluters?

News |
Sustainability remains suspiciously absent from the United Nations Human Development Index. Chuluun Togtokh, vice chair of the Mongolian IGBP Global Change National Committee argues in the journal Nature that this must stop.

A Mongolian scientist has called for the United Nations to overhaul its flagship development index, which he says wrongly promotes polluting countries as role models. “If the UN continues to encourage countries such as Mongolia to aspire to the US lifestyle, we will all be in serious trouble,” writes Chuluun Togtokh, in a World View column in this scientific journal Nature.

He says that the UN’s annual Human Development Index (HDI), released earlier this month, is flawed because it fails to take into account sustainability. “Worse still, the index celebrates gas-guzzling developed nations. It is time this failure — hidden in plain sight — was exposed and corrected,” he says.

2011 HDI rank minus 2011 HSDI rank
Red countries fall farthest when the Human Development Index is recalculated to include per capita carbon emissions.

Professor Togtokh has recalculated the index to take account of per capita carbon emissions from each nation, alongside the UN’s traditional measures of health, education and income levels. He names his new metric the Human Sustainable Development Index (HSDI). The results are striking: Australia slides from 2nd place to 26th; the United States drops from 4th to 28th; and Canada falls from 6th to 24th.

“The HDI has shifted the target of development beyond the almighty dollar; the proposed HSDI would go one step further and change the role models for development,” he says. “My country is likely to become one of the fastest growing economies in the world, but the current HDI offers no encouragement for it to grow sustainably.

Supporting notes

The 2011 HSDI incorporated carbon dioxide emission per capita in addition to income, health and education and used the same 2011 UN methodology (Technical notes for 2011 HDRexternal link). All four indicators carry equal weight. The incorporation of per capita carbon emissions was inverse: more emissions = lower environmental index value.

Top 30 HDI and HSDI ranks
Human Sustainable Development Index COMPLETE TABLEPDF (pdf, 57 kB)
Professor Togtokh is Vice Chair of the IGBP Global Change National Committee of Mongolia.
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Global Change Magazine No. 77


In this issue you can debate the influence of climate on history, familiarise yourselves with the International Nitrogen Initiative, and find out how publishing the "hockey stick" graph changed life...

Global Change Magazine No. 76


Articles in this issue focus on a range of topics, including the UN's Global Sustainability Panel, South American  palaeoclimate, Geoengineering and Ocean Acidification. The regulars include...
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